Calculation model: Minimum safety distance (S)

The main formula is:

S=(K×T) CS = (K \times T) CS=(K×T) C

Where:

• S: minimum safety distance between the protective device (ESPE) and the danger zone (in mm).
• K: approach speed of the body or hands (typically 2000 mm/s for hands, 1600 mm/s for the body, according to ISO 13855).
• T: total system response time (in seconds), which includes:
• ESPE response time.
• Response time of the control system.
• Machine stop time.
• C: additional distance (in mm), depending on the size of the object that can pass the ESPE (e.g. 850 mm for horizontal photocells).