1. Lighting of escape routes

Minimum illumination:

Along the centre line of the escape route: ≥ 1 lx.

The central band, at least half the width of the street, must have an illumination equal to at least 50% of the required value along the central line.

Uniformity of illumination:

Diversity ratio ("Ud") between minimum and maximum illuminance value: ≤ 1:40.

Limiting debilitating glare:

The maximum luminous intensity of the lighting fixtures must comply with the values indicated below, which vary according to the installation height:

< 2.5 m: 500 cd.

2.5 - 3 m: 900 cd.

3 - 3.5 m: 1600 cd.

3.5 - 4 m: 2500 cd.

4 - 4.5 m: 3500 cd.

≥ 4.5 m: 5000 cd.

Color rendering index (Ra):

Minimum color rendering index value: ≥ 40.

Activation time:

It should be immediate or within 0.5 seconds depending on the applications.

Emergency lighting for escape:

50% of the required illuminance within 5 seconds.

100% of the required illuminance within 60 seconds.

Minimum duration:

Security lighting must ensure at least 1 hour of autonomy.

2. Anti-panic lighting of large areas

Minimum illumination:

Along the floor: ≥ 0.5 lx (excluding a 0.5 m band along the perimeter).

Uniformity of illumination:

Diversity ratio ("Ud"): ≤ 1:40.

Debilitating glare:

Same limits as in Table 1 (based on installation height).

Color rendering index (Ra):

Minimum value: ≥ 40.

Activation time:

50% of the required illuminance within 5 seconds.

100% of the required illuminance within 60 seconds.

Minimum duration:

The panic lighting must operate for at least 1 hour.

3. Lighting of high risk areas

Minimum illumination:

On the reference plane: at least 10% of the illuminance expected for the activity, but not less than 15 lx.

Uniformity of illumination:

Uniformity ("Uo"): ≥ 0.1.

Limiting debilitating glare:

The same limits as in Table 1.

Color rendering index (Ra):

Minimum value: ≥ 40.

Activation time:

It should be immediate or within 0.5 seconds depending on the applications.

Minimum duration:

It must cover the entire time during which there is a risk to people.

4. Backup lighting

If used with safety functions, it must meet the requirements of the standard.

In case of reduced level compared to normal lighting, it is only allowed to conclude or interrupt activities.

5. Safety signs

Minimum luminance:

For safety color: ≥ 2 cd/m².

Luminance uniformity:

Safety color luminance maximum to minimum ratio: ≤ 10:1.

Luminance ratio of contrast color to safety color: between 5:1 and 15:1.

Activation time:

50% of the required luminance within 5 seconds.

100% of the required luminance within 60 seconds.

Minimum duration:

It must be guaranteed for at least 1 hour.

Viewing distance:

Determined by the formula l=z*h

Where:

l= observation distance

h= signal height

z= distance factor (100 for externally illuminated signs, 200 for internally illuminated signs)

6. General requirements

Positioning of lighting fixtures:

They must be installed at least 2 metres above the ground.

The signs must be visible within a maximum angle of 20° above the horizontal line of sight.

Critical points to illuminate:

Exit doors (distance: < 2 m).

Stairs, level changes, corridor intersections.

Safety signs (illuminated both externally and internally).

First aid points and fire-fighting equipment (vertical illumination: 5 lx).

7. Unlit safety signs / NDR

Not to be confused with the requirements of UNI 1838 with the perception distance of the standard signals provided for by Legislative Decree 81/2008.

For dimensions, it is recommended to observe the following formula A > L2 / 2000 where A represents the surface area of the sign expressed in m2 and L is the distance, measured in metres, at which the sign must still be recognisable.

The formula is applicable up to a distance of approximately 50 meters.